The NHS workforce is so big it rivals the size of the Chinese army!

The National Health Service was introduced in 1948. It was part of a social welfare policy to help post-war Britain move forward.

The basic principles of the NHS remain unchanged to this day. That is, to provide universal access to health care that is free at the point of delivery.

From its humble beginnings back in 1948 the new National Health Service took over 480,000 hospital beds in England and Wales. A staff of 125,000 nurses and 5,000 consultants looked after patients.

We now live on average 10 years longer that we would have in 1948

Today 1.3 million people work for the NHS in England and Wales. Of the entire workforce, around 30% are nurses and 77% of all NHS workers are female. The NHS workforce is so big it rivals the size of the Chinese army!

Other fantastic facts:

We must also mention that access to healthcare is now provided 24 hours a day, 365 days a year with the introduction of NHS walk-in centres and NHS Direct.

The NHS Direct telephone service was set up in 1997 to provide advice and information 24 hours a day.

We currently receive around 20 calls per minute. And last Christmas over one million people called 0845 4647 or health advice during the festive period.

As well as the telephone helpline, NHS Direct also provide health information via the Internet here on this website. Our website receives over 3.5 million visits per month.

You can also view health information and current health news if you have access to digital television, either on Freeview or Sky television.

Freeview users can access the service on any of the ITV and Channel 4 channels by pressing the 'Text' button and going to page 700. Alternatively you can go to Freeview channel 100 and press the blue button to enter NHS Direct pages.

Sky users can access the service by pressing the 'Interactive' button, and using the arrow key to select NHS Direct Interactive and pressing 'Select'. The Sky service can also be viewed online at www.nhsdirect.tv.

The basic principles of the NHS remain unchanged to this day

Back in 1948 a simple cataract operation would have seen you confined to bed for a week and have sandbags attached to your eyes. In 2008 a cataract operation takes 20 minutes and the majority of patients are out of hospital the same day.

In 1958, hip replacement operations were so unusual that patients were asked to return their replacement hip when they died! The NHS now carries out over 1,000 hip replacements every week.

Another first for the NHS was the very first heart transplant in the UK which took place on 3 May 1968 in London.

The NHS was also involved in the world's first 'test-tube baby' Louise Brown, who was born on July 25 1978. In the UK, 6,000 babies are born every year as a result of IVF (in vitro fertilisation).

And if that isn't enough, we now live on average 10 years longer that we would have in 1948.

So raise your glass and wish the NHS a very happy birthday!

Recent media reports have suggested that children's diabetes is sometimes not recognised until complications develop.

Many children are being admitted to hospital for emergency diabetes treatment. And many children are admitted to hospital with complications of diabetes, such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Would you know what signs to look for in your child?

Many people may not know the symptoms of diabetes. Would you know what to look for in your child?

The main symptoms of diabetes are:

Diabetes is when there's too much sugar (glucose) in your blood that your body can't cope with.

Your body produces a hormone called insulin, which helps change sugar into energy. If your body doesn't make enough insulin, or can't use the insulin properly, too much sugar remains in your blood.

There are three types of diabetes:

Most symptoms of type 1 and type 2 are the same, although they can develop in different ways. The symptoms of diabetes insipidus are similar.

See the 'further information' section to read more about these types of diabetes, including their symptoms and treatment.

It's really important to recognise diabetes symptoms early

Symptoms of diabetes can be treated, to control how much sugar is in your blood. For example:

It's really important to recognise diabetes symptoms early and seek advice about treatment. If the symptoms aren't controlled, this can lead to:

Signs of a hypo can include:

In a severe hypo, you can become drowsy and confused, and you may lose consciousness.

Some complications need urgent medical treatment

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a build-up of acids in your blood, caused by your body breaking down fats instead of sugar. It can develop in diabetic people if their symptoms are not controlled or treated.

Signs of DKA can include:

DKA can eventually cause unconsciousness and even death.

If your child has symptoms of DKA or a severe hypo, they need emergency medical treatment - dial 999 for an ambulance.

If you think your child has early symptoms of diabetes, speak with your GP. It's important to start treatment as soon as possible.

Some pharmacies may offer free diabetes tests - you can ask at your local pharmacy for more information. Use the link below to find your nearest pharmacy, or you can call NHS Direct on 0845 4647.

We all know that the British summer can be a bit unpredictable. But with a bit of luck, we'll see some hot and sunny days in the coming months (and hopefully, a lot less rain!).

So when the sun does come out, will you know how to keep you and your family safe when it's hot?

Sunburn isn't pleasant. It can be painful and sore. The peeling skin doesn't look too attractive either. Sunburn can also cause permanent damage to your skin.

Overexposure to sunlight is the leading cause of skin cancer

Overexposure to sunlight is the leading cause of skin cancer. This type of cancer is one of the most common in the UK, and the number of cases is increasing. Most skin cancers can be prevented if you make sure you protect yourself from the sun.

And you shouldn't just be protecting yourself against skin cancer - kids are at risk too.

Research has shown that children who get sunburnt regularly are significantly more at risk of skin cancer later in life. Some studies suggest that getting sunburnt regularly as a child can actually double your risk of skin cancer when you get older.

If you're out in the sun this summer and your skin is exposed, make sure you wear sunscreen. This protective cream helps filter out the sun's harmful rays.

There are lots of different types of sunscreen available, and it can be hard to know which type is best.

Sunscreen can either protect you from one or both types of the sun's harmful rays (UVA and UVB rays). Choosing a 'broad spectrum' sunscreen will protect you from both UVA and UVB rays - giving you the most complete protection.

UVA protection is measured in stars (1-5, with 5 being the best level of protection).

UVB protection is measured in sun protection factor (SPF). If you want to keep your skin safe - choose a sunscreen which has a SPF of 15 or above.

Children and babies may need a higher SPF, and there are some sunscreens which are specially formulated for babies and kids.

Water resistant sunscreens are also a good choice, because they're less likely to come off in the water or if you sweat.

Check out our new summer health zone for more information on sun safety

Remember, using that bottle of sunscreen you find tucked away at the back of your wardrobe isn't always the best idea. Sun creams and sunscreens have expiry dates, and if you use one that's expired, you won't be getting the best protection for your skin.

Make sure you keep your sunscreen stored somewhere dark and cool too. If sunscreen is exposed to high temperatures or direct sunlight, it won't be as effective.

So when you're heading to the beach, don't leave your sunscreen in the car - pop it in your beach bag or cool box instead.

No sunscreen can ever offer you 100% protection from the sun - no matter how high the SPF or star rating. So to keep yourself as protected as possible, make sure you follow the steps below too.

It's nice to feel the sun on your back when the weather's warm - but sometimes it's best to stay out of the sun if you can. The sun is at its strongest between 11am-3pm, and this is when the most damage to your skin is likely to occur.

Try and spend time in the shade between 11am-3pm

If possible, try and spend time in the shade between 11 and 3 - your skin will thank you for it. Keeping cool will also help reduce the risk of you developing heat exhaustion or heatstroke (see 'further information').

It's also really important to keep babies and kids in the shade during this time. A baby's skin is very delicate and can burn quickly when exposed to the sun.

If you're taking your baby out in their pram or buggy, make sure you attach a parasol, which will help them being exposed to direct sunlight.

If you're in the car use window blinds to help keep them cool - and never leave your baby unattended. Temperatures can rise very quickly in a parked car, even with the windows open. Always take your baby with you.

Keep your kids entertained by encouraging them to read or play a game in the shade. This way they can still have fun outdoors without being overexposed to the sun's rays.

If you need to go out in the sun, help keep yourself protected by wearing loose-fitting clothing, a wide-brimmed hat and some sunglasses. If your skin is covered by clothing, you're less likely to get sunburnt.

Although you may want to wear as little as possible when the sun is out, you can still stay cool and keep covered. Choose natural fibres like cotton, instead of materials like nylon. Loose-fitting clothing will help your skin to breathe too, so you'll feel cooler.

With the summer finally here, you may be thinking about new ways for you to enjoy the outdoors. You might be looking to find new ways to exercise, or want a way to spend some quality time with your kids.

Saturday 14 June sees the start of Bike Week, one of the UK's biggest cycling events. The week aims to promote cycling as a source of both fitness and fun, and encourages people to get on their bikes rather than relying on their cars.

Cycle your way to fitness and combat high fuel prices

So why not use Bike Week to help kick start your exercise routine this summer?

Cycling is a brilliant way of getting your daily dose of exercise. It's also good for the environment and a great way to combat high petrol prices.

In some cases, cycling is quicker than driving, especially if you're trying to get around a congested city centre.

Cycling has great health benefits, and can also help improve your mood. It's an activity the whole family can enjoy too, as nearly anyone can get on a bike, no matter what their age or fitness level.

Cycling is a great way of improving your health and fitness levels. Getting on your bike regularly can also significantly reduce your risk of developing conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes.

In fact, cycling just four miles a day for five days a week can cut your risk of getting heart disease by 50%. Cycling regularly means that on average you'll have the same fitness level as a non-cyclist who is 10 years younger.

Cycling can also help you if you're trying to lose weight. Depending on the pace you're cycling at, you'll usually burn around 300 calories for every hour you're on your bike. Combine regular cycling with a healthy, balanced diet and you'll lose those extra pounds in no time!

Getting on your bike will also help tone your muscles, especially your thighs, backside and calves.

Not only can cycling improve your physical health, it can also help lift your mood. Cycling can help you to relax and unwind, giving you a chance to get out in the fresh air.

Like other forms of exercise, cycling encourages your body to release its natural 'feel-good' chemicals, known as endorphins. This can leave you feeling happier and more content, especially if you've been stressed or unhappy.

You may have heard a lot about 'carbon footprints' in the news lately. Your carbon footprint is a way of measuring how your day-to-day activities have an impact on the environment. For example, if you insulate your home, you'll need less energy to keep it warm, meaning your carbon footprint will be smaller.

Cycling has great health benefits, and can also improve your mood

Cycling instead of using your car is a great way to help reduce your carbon footprint. A bike won't produce any of the harmful emissions that a car does. With the rising price of petrol, cycling will also help you save on travel costs.

So do your bit for the environment by getting on your bike! It's a great way for you to cut down on those CO2 emissions.

Almost anyone can cycle. It doesn't matter what age or fitness level you are - you can take it at a pace that suits you. All you need is a bike, the proper safety equipment (such as a helmet, and reflectors) and a little bit of enthusiasm.

Remember - you never forget how to ride a bike! But if you haven't been cycling in a while, have a practice run on a quiet cycle path or in your local park. Once you're confidence improves, you can gradually build up the distance you cycle.

If you have a heart condition, or have concerns about starting a new exercise regime, speak with your GP first.

Although legally you don't have to wear a helmet when you cycle, it's strongly recommended that you do. Wearing a helmet when you cycle will significantly reduce the risk of you having a serious head injury if you're involved in an accident.

It's strongly recommended that you wear a helmet when you cycle

You'll need to make sure your helmet fits correctly. A helmet needs to be comfortable and shouldn't be loose on your head. It also needs to meet international safety standards.

If you're not sure what cycling helmet is best for you, speak to the staff at your local bike shop for advice.

Your kids may complain that cycle helmets aren't 'cool', but it's really important for you to encourage them to wear one every time they go out on their bike. It may not be cool, but it could save their life.

For young kids, there are lots of bright and funky helmets available, and teenagers can choose from more stylish, sleek designs.

Before you head out on your bike, it's important for you to check you have the right kit, and that your bike is in good working order.

Make sure your tyres are pumped up and test out your brakes before you get on to the road.

You also need to ensure that your saddle is at the correct riding position for your height. If your saddle is too low, it will make it more difficult for you to pedal and you'll get tired more quickly.

To get the right saddle height, try adjusting your saddle until you can stretch your leg out and comfortably place the ball of your foot on the ground. This means that when your pedal is at its lowest position, your leg should be slightly bent.

If your leg is completely straight when your pedal is at the lowest position, your saddle is probably too high. If you're unsure, speak to the staff at your local bike shop.

If you're cycling at night, it's important to make sure you can be seen by other road users. Wear reflective clothing and make sure the lights on the front and back of your bike are both in good working order. You should also use your lights when the visibility is low, such as in bad weather.

With the sun in the sky and long summer evenings on the way, it's the perfect opportunity to enjoy some time outside.

Barbecues, picnics and outdoor games are a great way to make the most of the sunshine

Summer activities like barbecues, picnics and outdoor games are a great way to get family and friends together, while making the most of the sunshine. As we all know, it's usually best to take advantage of good weather when we get it, as you never know when it'll be back!

So, whether it's in your own back garden or somewhere further afield, why not get out and about for some fun in the sun? Read on for our tips on safe and healthy outdoor pastimes.

It's often the first thing to come out of the garage once the weather warms up, and a good barbecue is always popular choice for a sunny day.

Portable and disposable barbecues also mean you don't have to stay at home, so try making a day of it in a park or on the beach. Just make sure that wherever you set up is a permitted barbecue area, and that you're a safe distance from trees or bushes that could catch fire.

As for the food, it can be hard to tell when it's properly cooked on a barbecue, and every year many people get food poisoning as a result.

The key to barbecuing food safely is in the temperature of the coals. Light the barbecue well in advance and wait until the coals are glowing red with a powdery surface. Putting food on to cook before the flames have died down simply burns the surface and doesn't cook the inside.

If you're barbecuing meat such as poultry, sausages or burgers, check that the juices run clear before you serve it.

There should be no pink or red meat left inside, unless you're cooking meat that can be eaten rare (still red in the middle), such as steak. Make sure your steaks have been sealed during the cooking process by cutting into them and checking that the outside has changed colour.

When barbecuing meat, check that the juices run clear

If you have lots of people to cook for, try cooking meat in the oven before finishing it off on the barbecue. Any frozen meat must be fully defrosted before you cook it, and check that everything's piping hot and cooked through before you serve it.

Always keep raw and cooked foods separate and use different plates and utensils for each. Salads, cheeses, dips and other perishable food can be kept in the fridge or a cool box until you need them.

Finally, if you're lucky enough to have any leftovers, let it cool down before refrigerating it and use it within a couple of days. When reheating food, check it's piping hot in the middle and don't reheat it more than once.

Don't keep any leftovers for more than two days, except cooked rice, which must be eaten within one day.

Picnics are a great way of getting out and seeing the countryside, and they can be just as good in your own garden. A big cool box is ideal for transporting plenty of fresh fruit and salad, so a picnic can be a healthy option too.

Before you set off, wash and cut up any fruit, salad and vegetables. It's much easier than waiting until you're out, and means that you won't have to wait to dig in!

Plastic cutlery and utensils are also handy, they're much lighter and disposable ones can save on the washing up.

Pack your food into your cool box with ice packs on top, as this will keep anything raw at a tasty and hygienic temperature.

Foods like lettuce and pasta salads, cold lean meats, sandwiches with wholemeal bread and seasonal fruit salad are all good choices. Leave perishable food such as cheese and meat in the box until the last minute.

Insects and birds can be just as interested in your picnic as you are, so keep food covered as much as possible. You could try keeping bugs away with citronella candles, but take care as they can be a fire risk.

If you can't find a bin to dispose of your rubbish, take it home with you, and take care to leave your picnic area exactly as you found it.

Spending time outside in the sun is great, but don't let sunburn ruin it for you.

It's possible to burn even when it's cloudy, so apply sunscreen with a SPF (sun protection factor) of at least 15 before going out, and reapply regularly during the day.

The most effective lotions block both UVA and UVB rays.

You can burn even when the sky is cloudy, so apply sunscreen before going out

Babies under 12 months should be kept in the shade and covered up with a high factor sun lotion or sun block. Encourage young children to play in the shade, and make sure they wear sunhats and a high SPF lotion.

The sun is strongest between 11am and 3pm, so try to avoid it during this time.

As well as eating al fresco, summer is the perfect time to get active with some outdoor games.

We all know that exercise is good for us, and we should be getting 30 minutes of moderate activity every day. Try getting the whole family involved in a game or two and they won't even realise they're exercising!

If you have enough people, teams games like rounders, football and cricket will get everyone moving. Simply throwing a ball or a frisbee can also work up a sweat.

Alternatively, if you fancy something a little less energetic, boules can be a fun form of gentle exercise. Anyone can play, and you'll be surprised how fast the competition hots up!